https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/427 2026-04-17T05:59:01Z https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/811 Overview of Indian health insurance sector background, policies, and challenges. Biswas, Isika; Dhara, Tanushree; Ghorai, Sisir The concept of health insurance begins in India with ESI scheme in 1948. In the year of 1986, it started adopted by people in a serious sense when economic policy and liberalization process introduced by government of India and privatization of the insurance sector taken place. Though the sector has grown slowly in Indian market, but in present scenario health insurance sector both public and private offer various policies to the population. Policies are both offered by state and central government. These policies respectively cover the medical needs of individuals, family, and seniors. This study examines the different policies available in India, their features and importance. According to previous studies, health insurance has developed human life by contributing required knowledge and coverage during their critical medical needs. The study investigated that, lack of awareness, poverty, limited knowledge and some misconceptions among people restrict the health insurance sector in successful implementation. The government, health insurance companies, and health workers can form pillars in spreading awareness and educating people regarding health insurance in India. Journal Articles 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/809 LC-MS, NMR analysis, molecular docking and simulation studies of phytoestrogen from senna occidentalis l. pods against PPAR-α protein. Patra, Surendra; Khatun, Amina; kar, Putul; Ghosh, Kuntal; Pradhan, Shrabani; Chakrabarti, Sudipta The present investigation is subjected to comprehensive phytoestrogen analysis from Senna occidentalis pre-winter and winter seasonal pods using LC-MS and NMR. The analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of many phytoestrogens. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were employed for the investigation of the in-silico interactions between the isolated phytoestrogens and PPAR-α. The results of the molecular docking study demonstrated that among the identified compounds, PPAR-α exhibited the highest binding affinity, with a binding energy of −8.5 kcal/mol. It was closely followed by kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and apigenin, with binding energies of −8.5 kcal/mol, −7.8 kcal/mol, −7.6 kcal/mol, and −7.3 kcal/mol, respectively. These findings indicate that the compounds may interact with PPAR-α, potentially altering its activity. The study reveals the presence of various phytochemicals and their potential interaction with PPAR-α, underscoring their promise for drug development. The notable binding affinities observed with PPAR-α hint at their prospective use in therapeutic interventions. Journal Articles 2024-11-22T00:00:00Z https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/807 Evaluating anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative potentialities of the chloroform fraction of Asparagus racemosus roots against cisplatin induced acute kidney injury. Jana, Sahadeb; Mitra, Palash; Panchali, Titli; Khatun, Amina; Das, Tridip Kumar; Ghosh, Kuntal; Pradhan, Shrabani; Chakrabarti, Sudipta; Roy, Suchismita Ethnopharmacological relevance: Acute kidney injury (AKI), a global public health concern that increases the risk of death, end-stage renal disease, and prolonged hospital admissions. As of this point, supportive measures like fluid resuscitation and replacement therapy for renal failure are the only treatments available for treating AKI. Asparagus racemosus (AR) also known as Shatavari, belongs to family Liliaceae and is considered exceptional in Ayurvedic medicine due to its versatility in treating and preventing a variety of illnesses. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of chloroform fraction of Asparagus racemosus (CFAR) against cisplatin (CP) induced AKI. Materials and methods: HPLC was used to analyze the presence of bioactive phytocompounds in CFAR using standard quercetin. Further LC-MS study indicated the existence of different bioacive compounds. Normal Rat Kidney (NRK-52E) cells were used to study the nephroprotective effect of CFAR. Cells were untreated, treated or cotreated with CP (20 μM) and CFAR (5, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400μg/mL) for 24 h. After 24 h of treatment, cell viability assay and assay of apoptosis parameters were performed. The CFAR at the dose of 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg/kg/day was administered orally for 15 days and acute kidney injury was induced in rats by intraperi toneal injection of CP (10 mg/kg body weight) at the 10th day of experimentation. Biochemical studies were performed to evaluate kidney function; protein expression by Western blot and mRNA expression of related gene were studied from the kidney tissues to evaluate the effects of CFAR. Histopathological analysis was done to investigate the structural abnormalities and fibrosis of renal tissues. Result: Our result reported that CFAR contain many bioactive phytomolecules having many pharmacological properties. Cell viability assay and assay of apoptosis reported that different doses of CFAR could reduced CP- induced cell death and cell apoptosis. The levels of kidney injury markers (BUN, sCr and eGFR), inflammatory markers (Interleukin-18, KIM-1, Cys-C, NF-kB and NGAL), and antioxidant markers (SOD, GSH, CAT, Nrf2 and Bcl2) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were settled to a normal level by the oral administration of high doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) of CFAR after intraperitoneal injection of CP as suggested by biochemical, histo pathological, protein and gene expression studies. Conclusion: In conclusion, CFAR at the high doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) could able to protect the kidneys from CP induced oxidative stress and inflammation due to presence of bioactive phytomolecules that prevent the activation of oxidative stress induced signalling cascades leading to kidney damage. Journal Articles 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/806 Insights into the therapeutic uses of plant derive phytocompounds on diabetic nephropathy. Mitra, Palash; Jana, Sahadeb; Roy, Suchismita Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the primary consequences of diabetes mellitus, affecting many people worldwide and is the main cause of death under the age of sixty. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rises during hyperglycemia and is crucial to the development of diabetic complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are produced excessively in a diabetic state and are accumulated in the kidney, where they change renal architecture and impair renal function. Another important targeted pathway for the formation of DN includes nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), Nuclear factor E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR), and autophagy. About 40% of individuals with diabetes eventually acquire diabetic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease that needs hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation to survive. The current state of acceptable therapy for this kidney ailment is limited. The studies revealed that some naturally occurring bioactive substances might shield the kidney by controlling oxidative stress, renal fibrosis, inflammation, and autophagy. In order to provide new potential therapeutic lead bioactive compounds for contemporary drug discovery and clinical management of DN, this review was designed to examine the various mechanistic pathways by which conventional plants derive phytocompounds that are effective for the control and treatment of DN. Journal Articles 2024-01-23T00:00:00Z